Looking at something changes it. The act of observing changes that which is observed. These are two ways of explaining the Uncertainty Principle. The Uncertainty Principle which was theorized by Werner Heisenberg and Niels Bohr, states that one cannot not know both the position and velocity of an object at any given time with 100% certainty or a 0% margin of error. The Uncertainty Principle is one of the foundations of modern quantum mechanics because it supports the observation that one can never know exactly where an electron is while it orbits an atom. One can only give a statistical probability that an electron will be in a given location at a specific time. Scientists use light rays and other forms of electromagnetic radiation to determine an electrons position and velocity. Electrons absorb light energy in the form of photons. When an electron absorbs light, its kinetic energy increases and it can jump to higher energy levels. The more intense and narrow the light source, the less exact the velocity measurement will be but the more exact the position measurement will be because of the pinpoint accuracy of the smaller spotlight. On the flip side, the less intense and broader the light source, the better scope the observer has on the exact velocity of an electron but the less certain the observer is to the electrons position because the object could be anywhere within the illuminated area. In short the more you know about an electrons velocity or momentum, the less you know about an electrons position and vice versa.
Put another way this phenomena is analogous to the imaginary scenario where your car is moving down the road at 50 miles per hour. While you are coasting down the road, a police officer points her radar gun at your car to determine your speed, in shooting radiowaves at your car she causes your car to teleport 2 miles down the road instantaneously. So while the officer may know that you were traveling at exactly 50 miles per hour she will have a much less certain idea of where you were when she took your reading. Of course the officer would appear to know exactly where you were and exactly how fast you were going but there is always a margin of error with data collection whether we admit it or not. This of course sounds silly on a visible scale when dealing with massive objects. For example it appears to those that observe me sitting in my chair typing this paper that they know with absolutely certainty that I am sitting at an exact position and moving at zero velocity in relation to them. While this seems true with most things that we observe, when conducting experiments on a scale the size of an electron this is a reality to most scientists. The Uncertainty Principle has also been used by philosophers and lawyers alike when they use such sayings as: “the more you look, the less you know,” and “I’ve seen enough to know that I haven’t seen it all.” It is an existential perspective where we are masters of our own reality and reality is how we define it.
There are many people that believe that there is an ultimate answer to life and to the universe itself. String Theorists believe that if they keep trying they will find out the equation that answers it all. What is the reason why we believe we want to be absolutely certain about everything? Maybe we want to know it all. Maybe we want to have a definitive purpose and direction or maybe we want to bend cause and effect to our wills. We can’t control a situation completely if we aren’t above it pulling the strings. If we are a part of that which we observe by merely observing we can never have complete control or be completely certain of all the details of that which we are controlling. The Uncertainty Principle implies a certain amount of disorder and a random structure to life. Are we afraid of chaos? Of certain things or everything being up to chance? Many people, both the empiricists and the creationists, believe that there is a perfect order to life. Whether only God knows this order or whether science can one day determine it, some believe that there is a perfect structure underlying everything. Einstein himself said that “God doesn’t roll dice.” The paradox is that the more that we pursue the truth, the greater role we play in reality and the more impact we have on it. The more impact we have, the more we change things and the less we can be sure of in the end. The pursuit of the truth or of reality changes it. No one can be too sure of everything so we shouldn’t set our expectations so high that we will be disappointed. We should accept that reality is bigger than ourselves and not so be egotistical or vain to know that we can know everything that there is to know. At the same time we should be optimistic because we are able to influence our position in the world and we can even influence the world itself. Einstein also stated that “The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious,” and I agree with that statement completely and whole heartedly. To me the universe, the world and all the life in it has an exceptional beauty to it, in form, function and potential. I’d rather not insult the artistic nature of all that is by hoping in vain to dissect and explain all of it in infinitesimal detail.
Topic Triage
1. I am talking about the Uncertainty Principle. I’m talking about how the act of observing changes that which is observed.
2. I am saying that the Uncertainty Principle brings up questions as to our ability to know what was going before we looked at something and whether we can truly separate ourselves from a system that we are observing. The Uncertainty Principle has implications regarding cause and effect, the human factor, complete order, total chaos, what is real and what is not.
3. I am saying that this because I want the reader to question his or her influence on cause and effect. I want the reader to question how much influence they have in the world because if we can alter a system just by observing than we have more influence than we otherwise might have thought. I also want the reader to question the possiblity of discovering an absolute truth to everything if we can never know what was there before we looked because our looking changes what was there. I want the reader to consider how much of the world is order and how much is chaos.
4. If shining a light on an electron can change its position and momentum and we take in a lot of our daily information with our eyes which interpret stimuli from light then we have to question how much of what we see is a product of our interpretation and how much is from what was there before we looked. I can also use analogies to court cases where a case seems cut and dry until new information comes to light because the more you look, the less you know. I want to define Uncertainty scientifically, discuss the seeming paradoxes that it presents and talk about its philosophical ramifications.
5. The reader should care because the act of questioning can help the reader to determine his or her level of involvment, sense of control and the extent to which the reader is certain about some or all things. The reader can question the structure of reality and his or her potential to influence reality.